Algorithm
An algorithm is a set of
finite, ordered steps for solving a mathematical problem. Each Search
Engine uses a proprietary algorithm set to calculate the relevance of
its indexed web pages to your particular Query. The result of this
process is a list of sites ranked in the order that the search engine
deemed most relevant. Search engine algorithms are closely guarded in
order to prevent exploitation of algorithmic results. Search algorithms
are also changed frequently to incorporate new data and improve
relevancy.
Algorithmic Results
Algorithmic
results are the ranked listings search engines provide in response to a
Query. They are often referred to as Organic Listings in contrast to
Paid Listings because their rank is based on relevancy rather than
advertising revenue paid to the search engine. However, paid listings do
appear alongside algorithmic results in many search engines, provided
they are relevant. Improving a website’s unpaid algorithmic results is
known as Natural Search Engine Optimization.
Alt Tag/Alt Text
An alt
tag is the HTML text that appears while an image is loading or when a
cursor is positioned over an image. Alt text is useful in Search Engine
Optimization because it can include keywords that a search engine looks
for in response to a query.
Analytics
Analytics
refers to all the technology, programming, and data used in Search
Engine Marketing to analyze a website’s performance or the success of an
Internet marketing campaign.
Anchor Text
Also known
as link text, anchor text is the visible, clickable text between the
HTML anchor
and tags. Clicking on anchor text activates a
Hyperlink to another web site. Anchor text is very important in Search
Engine Optimization because search engine algorithms consider the
Hyperlink keywords as relevant to the Landing Page.
Backlinks
Also
known as back link, backward link, or inbound links, backlinks are all
of the links on other websites that direct the users who click on them
to your site. Backlinks can significantly improve your site’s search
rankings, particularly if they contain Anchor Text keywords relevant to
your site and are located on sites with high
Page Rank.
Banned
Also known as
delisted or blacklisted, a banned site is a URL that has been removed
from a search engine’s Index, typically for engaging in Black Hat SEO.
Banned sites are ignored by search engines.
Banner Ad
A banner
ad is a rectangular graphic advertisement. Banner ads are one of the
commonest forms of online advertising. Their sizes vary, but most
measure 468 pixels wide by 60 pixels high. Clicking on a banner ad will
direct you to the advertiser’s website or a designated Landing Page.
Black Hat SEO
Black hat
SEO is the term used for unethical or deceptive optimization techniques.
This includes Spam, Cloaking, or violating search engine rules in any
way. If a search engine discovers a site engaging in black hat SEO it
will remove that site from its Index.
Blacklisted
Also
known as banned or delisted, a blacklisted site is a URL that has been
removed from a search engine’s Index, typically for engaging in Black
Hat SEO. Blacklisted sites are ignored by search engines.
Broken Link
Also
known as a dead link, a broken link is a link that no longer points to
an active destination or Landing Page. Search engines dislike broken
links. Keeping all of your site’s links active is an important part of
ongoing optimization.
Click Fraud
Click
Fraud is the illegal practice of manipulating Cost-Per-Click (CPC) or
Pay-Per-Click (PPC) revenue sharing agreements. There are numerous types
of click fraud, but in a typical scenario the webmaster of a site that
earns money from each click of the advertising links it publishes pays
individuals a small fee to click those links. Companies thus pay for
advertising to clients who had no intention of buying from them. Some
companies have filed class action lawsuits alleging that ad publishers
such as Google and Yahoo! have failed to aggressively confront click
fraud because they benefit from increased CPC revenue.
Click-Through
Click-through
refers to a single instance of a user clicking on an advertising link
or site listing and moving to a Landing Page. A higher Click-Through
Rate (CTR) is one of the primary goals of Search Engine Optimization.
Click-Through Rate (CTR)
Click-through
rate is the percentage of users who click on an advertising link or
search engine site listing out of the total number of people who see it,
i.e. four click-throughs out of ten views is a 40% CTR.
Cloaking
Cloaking
is the presentation of alternative pages to a search engine Spider so
that it will record different content for a URL than what a human
browser would see. Cloaking is typically done to achieve a higher search
engine position or to trick users into visiting a site. In such cases
cloaking is considered to be Black Hat SEO and the offending URL could
be Blacklisted. However, cloaking is sometimes used to deliver
personalized content based on a browser’s IP address and/or user-agent
HTTP header. Such cloaking should only be practiced with a search
engine’s knowledge or it could be construed as black hat cloaking.
Contextual Link Inventory (CLI)
Search
engines/advertising networks use their contextual link inventory to
match keyword-relevant text-link advertising with site content. CLI is
generated based on listings of website pages with content that the
ad-server deems a relevant keyword match. Ad networks further refine CLI
relevancy by monitoring the Click-Through Rate of the displayed ads.
Conversion
Conversion
is the term used for any significant action a user takes while visiting
a site, i.e. making a purchase, requesting information, or registering
for an account.
Conversion
Analytics
Conversion analytics is a branch of Analytics
concerned specifically with conversion-related information from organic
and paid search engine traffic, such as the keywords converts used in
their queries, the type of conversion that resulted, landing page paths,
search engine used, etc. This can be tracked in the FREE
Google analytics tool.
Conversion Rate
Conversion
rate is the next step up from Click-Through Rate. It’s the percentage
of all site visitors who “convert” (make a purchase, register, request
information, etc.). If three users buy products and one user requests a
catalogue out of ten daily visitors, a site’s conversion rate is 40%.
Cost-Per-Acquisition (CPA)
Cost-per-acquisition
(CPA) is a return on investment model in which return is measured by
dividing total click/marketing costs by the number of Conversions
achieved. Total acquisition costs ÷ number of conversions = CPA. CPA is
also used as a synonym for Cost-Per-Action.
Cost-Per-Action (CPA)
In
a cost-per-action advertising revenue system, advertisers are charged a
Conversion-based fee, i.e. each time a user buys a product, opens an
account, or requests a free trial. CPA is also known as
cost-per-acquisition, though the term cost-per-acquisition can be
confusing because it also refers to a return on investment model.
Cost-Per-Click
(CPC)
Also known as pay-per-click or
pay-for-performance, cost-per-click is an advertising revenue system
used by search engines and ad networks in which advertising companies
pay an agreed amount for each click of their ads. This Click-Through
Rate-based payment structure is considered by some advertisers to be
more cost-effective than the Cost-Per-Thousand payment structure, but it
can at times lead to Click Fraud. Learn how to setup and use a proper, money saving
Pay Per Click Strategy.
Cost-Per-Thousand (CPM)
Also
known as cost-per-impression or CPM for cost-per-mille (mille is the
Latin word for thousand), cost-per-thousand is an advertising revenue
system used by search engines and ad networks in which advertising
companies pay an agreed amount for every 1,000 users who see their ads,
regardless of whether a click-through or conversion is achieved. CPM is
typically used for Banner Ad sales, while Cost-Per-Click is typically
used for text link advertising.
Crawler
Also known
as Spider or Robot, a crawler is a search engine program that “crawls”
the web, collecting data, following links, making copies of new and
updated sites, and storing URLs in the search engine’s Index. This
allows search engines to provide faster and more up-to-date listings.
Delisted
Also known
as banned or blacklisted, a delisted site is a URL that has been
removed from a search engine’s Index, typically for engaging in Black
Hat SEO. Delisted sites are ignored by search engines.
Description Tag
Also known as a meta description tag, a description tag is a short HTML
paragraph that provides search engines with a description of a page’s
content for search engine Index purposes. The description tag is not
displayed on the website itself, and may or may not be displayed in the
search engine’s listing for that site. Search engines are now giving
less importance to description tags in lieu of actual page content.
Directory
A
directory is an Index of websites compiled by people rather than a
Crawler. Directories can be general or divided into specific categories
and subcategories. A directory’s servers provide relevant lists of
registered sites in response to user queries. Directory Registration is
thus an important method for building inbound links and improving SEO
performance. However, the decision to include a site and its directory
rank or categorization is determined by directory editors rather than an
Algorithm. Some directories accept free submissions while others
require payment for listing. The most popular directories include
Yahoo!, The Open Directory Project, and LookSmart.
Doorway Page
Also
known as a gateway page or jump page, a doorway page is a URL with
minimal content designed to rank highly for a specific keyword and
redirect visitors to a homepage or designated Landing Page. Some search
engines frown on doorway pages as a softer form of Cloaking or Spam.
However, doorway pages may be legitimate landing pages designed to
measure the success of a promotional campaign, and they are commonly
allowed in Paid Listings.
Dynamic Content
Dynamic
content is web content such as Search Engine Results Pages (SERPS) that
are generated or changed based on database information or user
activity. Web pages that remain the same for all visitors in every
context contain “static content.” Many e-commerce sites create dynamic
content based on purchase history and other factors. Search engines have
a difficult time indexing dynamic content if the page includes a
session ID number, and will typically ignore URLs that contain the
variable “?”.Search engines will punish sites that use deceptive or
invasive means to create dynamic content.
Flash Optimization
Flash
is a vector graphics-based animation program developed by Macromedia.
Most corporate sites feature Flash movies/animation, yet because search
engine Crawlers were designed to index HTML text, sites that favor Flash
over text are difficult or even impossible for crawlers to read. Flash
Optimization is the process of reworking the Flash movie and surrounding
HTML code to be more “crawlable” for Search Engines.
Gateway Page
Also
known as a doorway page or jump page, a gateway page is a URL with
minimal content designed to rank highly for a specific keyword and
redirect visitors to a homepage or designated Landing Page. Some search
engines frown on gateway pages as a softer form of Cloaking or Spam.
However, gateway pages may be legitimate landing pages designed to
measure the success of a promotional campaign, and they are commonly
allowed in Paid Listings.
Geographical
Targeting
Geographical targeting is the focusing of Search
Engine Marketing on states, counties, cities and neighborhoods that are
important to a company’s business. One basic aspect of geographical
targeting is adding the names of relevant cities or streets to a site’s
keywords, i.e. Hyde Street Chicago apartments. Another important element
of geo-targeting is increasing your site’s presence on Local Search
engines.
Geographic
Segmentation
Geographic segmentation is the use of Analytics
to categorize a site’s web traffic by the physical locations from which
it originated.
Google AdSense
Google
AdSense is an ad-serving program operated by Google that provides
relevant text, image, and video-based advertisements to enrolled site
owners. Advertisers register via Google AdWords and pay for ads on a
Pay-Per-Click, Cost-Per-Thousand or Cost-Per-Action basis. This revenue
is shared with Google AdSense host sites, typically on a PPC basis
(which sometimes leads to Click Fraud). Google uses its search
Algorithms and Contextual Link Inventory to display the most appropriate
ads based on site content, Query relevancy, ad “quality scores,” and
other factors.
Google AdWords
Google
AdWords is the Keyword Submission program that determines the
advertising rates and keywords used in the Google AdSense program.
Advertisers bid on the keywords that are relevant to their businesses.
Ranked ads then appear as sponsored links on Google Search Engine
Results Pages (SERPS) and Google AdSense host sites.
Graphical Search Inventory (GSI)
Graphical
Search Inventory is the visual equivalent of Contextual Link Inventory.
GSI is non-text-based advertising such as Banner Ads, pop-up ads,
browser toolbars, animation, sound, video and other media that is
synchronized to relevant Keyword queries.
Gray Hat SEO
Gray hat SEO refers
to Search Engine Optimization strategies that fall in between Black Hat
SEO and White Hat SEO. Gray hat SEO techniques can be legitimate in some
cases and illegitimate in others. Such techniques include Doorway
Pages, Gateway Pages, Cloaking and duplicate content.
Hidden Text
Hidden
text is a generally obsolete form of Black Hat SEO in which pages are
filled with a large amount of text that is the same color as the
background, rendering keywords invisible to the human eye but detectable
to a search engine Crawler. Multiple Title Tags or HTML comments are
alternative hidden text techniques. Hidden text is easily detectable by
search engines and will result in Blacklisting or reduced Rank.
Hit
Hit is a somewhat
misleading measure of traffic to a web site. One hit is recorded for
each file request in a web server’s access log. If a user visits a page
with four images, one hit will be recorded for each graphic image file
plus another for the page’s HTML file. A better measure of traffic
volume is the number of pages/HTML files accessed.
HTML
The acronym HTML
stands for HyperText Markup Language, the authoring language used to
create pages on the World Wide Web. HTML is a set of codes or HTML tags
that provide a web browser with directions on how to structure a web
page’s information and features.
Hyperlink
Also
known as link or HTML link, a hyperlink is an image or portion of text
that when clicked on by a user opens another web page or jumps the
browser to a different portion of the current page. Inbound Links with
keyword-relevant Link Text are an important part of Search Engine
Optimization Strategy.
Index
An index is a
Search Engine’s database. It contains all of the information that a
Crawler has identified, particularly copies of World Wide Web pages.
When a user performs a Query, the search engine uses its indexed pages
and Algorithm set to provide a ranked list of the most relevant pages.
In the case of a Directory, the index consists of titles and summaries
of registered sites that have been categorized by the directory’s
editors.
Inbound Links
Also
known as back link, backward link, or backlinks, inbound links are all
of the links on other websites that direct the users who click on them
to your site. Inbound links can significantly improve your site’s search
rankings, particularly if they contain Anchor Text keywords relevant to
your site and are located on sites with
high Page Rank. Also see
Link Building For Traffic.
Impression
Also
known as a page view, an impression is a single instance of an online
advertisement being displayed. Search engines and ad networks use
impression statistics to charge advertisers on a Cost-Per-Thousand (CPM)
basis.
Internet Marketing
On a fundamental level, Internet marketing is using the Internet to
advertise, communicate and sell goods and services. On an advanced
level, Internet marketing is known as Search Engine Optimization (SEO),
which is the use of targeted keywords, crawler-friendly site
architecture, Search Engine Submissions and a well-developed link
network to improve a site’s Position, Page Rank and Click-Through Rate.
Internet
Marketing Consultant
Also known as SEO professionals or SEO
specialists, Internet marketing consultants use their knowledge of
Search Engine Optimization Strategy to improve their clients’ Position
and Page Rank.
Internet Promotion
Also known as search engine promotion, website marketing or website
promotion, Internet promotion refers to all methods employed by a
company or individual to promote a website and increase its Position and
Page Rank.
Keyword
Also known
as search terms or query terms, keywords are the word(s) or phrase(s) a
user enters into a search engine’s Query box. A Search Engine Results
Page (SERP) ranks indexed sites according to how relevant the Search
Engine deems them to the searched keywords. One of the most important
SEO Strategies companies can employ is to optimize their site pages with
content that contains targeted keywords relevant to their products or
industry.
Your Keyword Selection can make or break your site.
Keyword Marketing
Keyword marketing is the use of keyword-optimized content and
keyword-specific Link Text to emphasize a site’s relevancy to those
terms and thereby increase Rank for related web queries. Keyword
marketing can also be done through keyword-based ad programs such as
Google AdSense. Keyword marketing is an essential component of Search
Engine Optimization.
Keyword Submission
Keyword submission is an all-inclusive term for the keyword
research/selection, bid cost assessment and budgeting that companies
undertake to begin Pay-Per-Click keyword campaigns with advertising
networks such as Google AdWords, Yahoo! Sponsored Search and Microsoft
AdCenter.
Landing Page
The
landing page is the page on which a visitor “lands” after clicking a
search engine listing, email link, Banner Ad, Cost-Per-Click ad, or
other ad/link. The landing page can be a site’s homepage, but is usually
a page designed to appeal to users who Click-Through a specific ad or
link. Landing pages are also used to monitor site traffic and measure an
advertising campaign’s success. Well-designed landing pages that are
relevant to a user’s keyword query will improve Conversion Rates and
play a critical role in Search Engine Marketing. Also see
Landing Page Explained.
Link
Also known as hyperlink or HTML
link, a link is an image or portion of text that when clicked on by a
user opens another web page or jumps the browser to a different portion
of the current page. Inbound Links with keyword-relevant Link Text are
an important part of Search Engine Optimization Strategy.
Link Baiting
Link baiting is
the creation of content that incites users to link to your page from
another website. The types of link bait vary tremendously, but they
include highly informative articles or news stories, useful resources
and sometimes controversial or sensationalistic content. Link baiting is
a White Hat SEO technique used to help a site improve its Link
Popularity and Page Rank. Some sites use link baiting as the centerpiece
of a Website Marketing campaign.
Link Exchange
A link exchange
is an arrangement between two websites to add a link to each other, this is also called a reciprocal link exchange between two
sites. Reciprocal links usually lead to the home page of the associate
site.
Link Farm
A link
farm is a webpage or group of webpages that exist solely to increase the
number of Backlinks in a site’s link network. A link farm is meant to
increase a site’s PageRank or popularity and thus improve its search
engine Position. However, link farms are considered a form of Spam and
sites that rely on them are penalized by search engines.
Link Popularity
Link
popularity is the measure of how popular a webpage is by the number of
Backlinks it has. However, link popularity is not solely a matter of
quantity.
Page Rank is achieved when Backlinks are located on reputable,
relevant sites rather than so-called Link Farms. Most search engines
use link popularity as a factor in their Algorithmic Results.
Link Text
Also
known as anchor text, link text is the visible, clickable text between
the HTML anchor andtags. Clicking on link text activates a Hyperlink to
another web site. Link text is very important in Search Engine
Optimization because search engine algorithms consider the hyperlink
keywords as relevant to the Landing Page.
Listings
Listings
are the indexed sites that appear in ranked order on a Search Engine
Results Page in response to a user Query.
Local Search
Local
search refers to both the addition of geographical keywords (cities,
streets, etc.) to Search Terms and the use of Yellow Pages-type Search
Engines such as Google Maps, Yahoo! Local and AskCity to find business
services in a particular zip code. Search Engine Placement Services use
local SEO to help traditional “brick and mortar businesses” connect with
customers in their community.
Marketing Analytics
Marketing
analytics is a branch of Analytics concerned specifically with
marketing-related information from organic and paid search engine
traffic, such as Unique Visitors, keyword-generated sales,
Cost-Per-Click advertising, Click Fraud, Search Engine Marketing, etc.
Meta Description Tag
Also known as a description Tag, a meta description tag is a short HTML
paragraph that provides search engines with a description of a page’s
content for search engine Index purposes. The meta description tag is
not displayed on the website itself, and may or may not be displayed in
the search engine’s listing for that site. Search engines are now giving
less importance to meta description tags in lieu of actual page
content.
Meta Keywords Tag
A
meta keywords tag provides search engines with a list of keywords that
are relevant to a webpage. This can improve search engine Rank for a
page by ensuring it’s properly indexed. However, search engines are now
giving less importance to meta keywords tags in lieu of actual page
content.
Meta Robots Tag
A
meta robots tag (named for a search engine Crawler or Robot) lets page
authors prevent their webpages from being added to a search engine’s
Index. Alternatives to a meta robots tag are Robots.txt files and
password protection.
Meta Search Engine
A meta search engine derives its listings by running user queries
through multiple other search engines and then summarizing the results. A
meta search engine does not maintain its own Index. Listings are
displayed by meta search engines either in aggregate or categorized by
search engine source. An example of a meta search engine is Dogpile.com.
Meta Tags
Meta tags are HTML tags placed in a webpage that
contain information for Crawlers and web browsers. Types of meta tag
information include page descriptions (Description Tag), page-relevant
keywords (Meta Keywords Tag), whether a page can be indexed (Meta Robots
Tag), copyright, page refresh dates and redirection instructions.
Natural Listings (or
Natural Optimization)
Also known as organic listings,
natural listings are webpage listings that appear on a Search Engine
Results Page solely because the search engine Algorithm deems them
relevant to the Query. Natural listings can contain Paid Listings, but
only if they fulfill the same requirements as natural listings. The best
way to improve a site’s natural listing Position is through Natural
Search Engine
Optimization.
Natural
Search Engine Optimization
Also known as natural
optimization, organic search engine optimization or white hat SEO,
natural search engine optimization is the use of keyword-focused copy
and tags, Crawler-friendly site architecture, Search Engine Submissions
and a quality Backlinks network to improve a site’s Position, Page Rank
and Click-Through Rate. Because about 80% of web users look at Natural
Listings first, natural SEO offers a much greater chance of long-term
business success than Paid Listings or Pay-Per-Click ad campaigns.